【踩坑】pip下载依赖时报错

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前言

pip下载依赖时报错：error: externally-managed-environment

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× This environment is externally managed
╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try brew install
    xyz, where xyz is the package you are trying to
    install.
    
    If you wish to install a non-brew-packaged Python package,
    create a virtual environment using python3 -m venv path/to/venv.
    Then use path/to/venv/bin/python and path/to/venv/bin/pip.
    
    If you wish to install a non-brew packaged Python application,
    it may be easiest to use pipx install xyz, which will manage a
    virtual environment for you. Make sure you have pipx installed.

原因

  • 之前采用了系统级包管理工具安装了python依赖

如MacOS上使用brew直接安装Python依赖

解决问题

方案一

  • 继续使用系统级包管理工具安装python依赖

方案二

  • 手动创建一个虚拟环境，通过虚拟环境中的python可执行文件来安装软件包

传送门

<venv_name>：虚拟环境名
<package_name>：Python依赖名

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python3 -m venv <venv_name>
source <venv_name>/bin/activate
pip3 install <package_name>

方案三

  • 通过pipx软件包来实现自动配置虚拟环境

安装pipx

  • 通过pipx安装Python依赖

传送门

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pipx install <package_name>

完成

参考文献

耀龙笔记